کتاب تاریخ فلسفه حقوق و فلسفه اجتماعی: جلد اول: از افلاطون تا روسو [کتاب انگلیسی] | کتابخانه مجازی الفبا

Table of contents :
Preface
Contents
Abelard, Peter
Introduction
Consent
Intention
Conscience
Ethics, Reason, and Law
Conclusion
References
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Al-Ghazali (Abu āmid al-Ghazālī)
Introduction
Al-Ghazālī´s Significance in Islamic Intellectual History and Beyond
Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy in al-Ghazālī
Law and Ethics in Society
References
Alighieri, Dante
Problem
Life: Dante and the Legal Culture of his Times
Dante as a Philosopher-Poet: The Convivio
Dante´s Political Philosophy: The Monarchia
Dante´s Legal and Political Ideals
Dante´s Philosophy of Law
A New Definition of Law
Discussion
A Systematic Mind
The Judge of the Dead and the Quick
Both Laws
References
Al-Kindi (Abu Yusuf Yaʿqub b. Isāq al-Kindī)
Introduction
Al-Kindī´s Significance in Islamic Intellectual History and Beyond
Social Philosophy and Philosophy of Law in al-Kindī
References
Althusius, Johannes
Law Exposed According to the Ramist Method
The Thesis of a Sharing of Sovereignty to All the Members of the Republic
References
Aquinas, Thomas
Introduction
The Common Good
Ordinance of Reason
The ``Natural Law´´
Societal Structures
Wrongs
Conclusion
References
Aristotle
Introduction
The Human Good and Human Nature
Justice as a Virtue of Individuals
Friendship and the Political Community
Legislating for Virtue
The Origins of Political Community
Women and Slaves
The City of Dreams
Conclusion
References
Augustine of Hippo
Introduction: Biography and Intellectual Development
Augustine´s Ethics
The Eternal Law and the Natural Law
The Positive Law
Conclusion: The Reception of Augustine´s Social and Legal Philosophy
The Contemporary Significance of Augustine
References
Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā; Abu ʿAlī al-usayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā)
Introduction
Avicenna´s Significance in Islamic Intellectual History
Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy in Avicenna
References
Bartolus
Problem
Discussion
References
Bodin, Jean
Introduction
Life
Bodin´s Method
The Concept of Sovereignty
The Discussion About the ``Methodus´´ and Its Connection with the ``Republique´´
The Sovereignty in the Republic
The Author´s Influence in Europe
Conclusion
References
Bracton, Henry de
Further Readings
Calvin, John (Jehan)
Introduction
Theological Presuppositions
Political Consequences
Social Consequences
References
Campanella, Tommaso
Introduction
Society, Justice, and Law
Law and Utopia
References
Casas, Bartolomé de Las
Introduction
Legal Theory
Unjust Wars and Forced Labor
The Recognition of the ``Other´´
Liberty, Power and Consensus
Conclusion
References
Primary Literature
Secondary Literature
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Introduction
Marcus Tullius Cicero: The First Legal Philosopher in History
Natural Law as Ratio Summa, Insita in Natura
Cosmopolitanism and Natural Law: Toward an Omnium Gentium Consensus
Notes on the Influence of Cicero´s Philosophy of Law in the History of Philosophy
References
Confucius
Introduction
The Historical Background
The Key Concepts of Confucius´s Philosophy
Social-Political Aspects of Confucius´s Philosophy
Confucius´s Works in English
References
Cusa, Nicholas of
Introduction
Works of Legal Philosophical Relevance
Ideas and Methods
References
Duns Scotus, Ioannis
Introduction
Foundations of a Rational Will
Nature of Law
Conclusion
References
Fortescue, John
Introduction
Natural Law´s Primacy
A Positivist View of Law
Ambiguities in Fortescue´s General Theory of Law
References
Grotius, Hugo
Introduction
Grotius´s Modern Theory of Natural Law: ``Right Reason´´ as Instrumental Reason
Grotius´s Theory of the State: Toward the ``Liberty of the Moderns´´ and the Liberal State
Grotius´s International Theory: Whose Just War? Which International Law?
References
Harrington, James
Introduction
Empire and Authority
``Empire Follows the Balance of Property´´
Rule ``of Laws and Not of Men´´
``Flesh Must Be Changed or It Will Stink of Itself´´
Conclusion
References
Hobbes, Thomas
Introduction
Hobbes´s Life and Times
Key Concepts of Hobbes´s Political Theory
Key Concepts of Hobbes´s Legal Theory
Interpretations: Focus, Approaches, and Trends
Conclusion
References
Works by Thomas Hobbes
Hume, David
Introduction
Writings
Methodology
Theory of Law
Legal Concepts
Justice
Property
Promises and Contracts
Social Contract and the Basis of Government
Influence
Conclusion
References
Hutcheson, Francis
Introduction
Human Nature
Virtue
Moral Sense
Natural Sociability
Natural and Positive Law
The Former Utilitarianism
Conclusion
References
John of Salisbury
Introduction
The Prince and the Law
The Nature of the Law
Typology and Law
Moderation
Conclusion
References
Laozi
Introduction
History of the Daodejing
Philosophy of the Daodejing
Political Outlook of the Daodejing
References
Locke, John
Introduction
Main Lines of Reception
Basic Rights, Contract, and the Establishment of Political Power
Property Rights, Welfare Politics, and Slavery
Constitutional Principles, the Right to Resist, and Religious Tolerance
Conclusion
References
Luther, Martin
Introduction
Biography
The Theology of Grace
The Two Kingdoms
The Uses of Law
Freedom of Conscience
References
Machiavelli, Niccolò
Problem
Discussion
References
Marsilius of Padua
The Context: Christianity as a Unitary Structure
The Defensor Pacis
The Communitas Perfecta
Classification of Human Acts: Natural Law and Human Law
On Marsilius of Padua´s Contribution
References
Montaigne, Michel de
Introduction
The Humanist Ethics of Montaigne
Law and Justice in Montaigne
The Cultural and Philosophical Legacy of Montaigne
Conclusion
References
Montesquieu
Introduction
Forms of Government
Moderation and Political Freedom
Commerce and Religion
Conclusion
References
Works by Montesquieu
Selected Secondary Literature
More, Thomas
Conclusion
References
Ockham, William
Introduction
Ockham´s Natural Right Theory
Voluntarism and Rationalism in Ockham´s Concept of Natural Law
The Gospel´s Law as ``A Law of Freedom´´
A Theory of Individual Rights
References
Pascal, Blaise
Introduction
The Clash with the Jesuits
The Pensées
Politics and the Order of Appearance
Conclusion
References
Pico della Mirandola
Introduction
Adam´s Freedom
Concept of Dignity
Conclusion
References
Plato
Introduction
Law and Justice
Elements of Law
Laws of the Person, Work, and Property
Law, Punishment, and Intentionality
A Transportation of Plato´s Philosophy of Law
References
Polybius
Introduction
Statesman and Historian
Political and Philosophical Learning through the Practice of History
The Genesis of Society and the Political Pact
A Tool to Understand and Amend: The Anacyclosis (Return of the Cycle almost to the Starting Point)
References
Ptolemy of Lucca
Introduction
Political and Royal Lordship
Levels of Rule
Conclusion
References
Pufendorf, Samuel
Life and Main Works
Acceptance and Criticism
References
Quesnay, François
Introduction
Economic Thought
The Tableau économique
Legal Theory
Natural Law and Legal Despotism
Conclusion
References
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques: Law
Introduction
The Place of the Law in Rousseau´s Thought
What Is Law?
Law and Virtue
The Limits of Rule of Law
Conclusion
References
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus
Introduction
Life of Seneca
His Writings
Seneca the Philosopher
The Quaestiones Naturales
The Tragedies and Satire
Seneca´s Reputation
References
Shaftesbury (Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury)
Introduction
Life and Writings
Philosophical Method
Evil, Religion, and Morality
Enthusiasm
The Good Life
Influence
References
Spinoza, Baruch
A Stellar Moment
A Post-Cartesian Monist Ontology
Jurisprudence Naturalized: A Determinist but Anti-Authoritarian Concept of Law
References
Surez, Francisco
Introduction
Human Agency
Law and Natural Law
Origin and Legitimation of Political Power
Theory of Rights and Private Property
Theory of Just War and Tyrannicide
Distributive Justice
Conclusion
References
Thomasius, Christian
Introduction
Main Aspects of Thomasius´s Work
Discussion
References
Ubaldis, Baldus de
Problem
Discussion
References
Vico, Giambattista
References
Voltaire
References