توضیحات اضافی :
Works:
Manuscript Soest, Stadtarchiv und Wissenschaftliche Stadtbibliothek, Codex Nr. 33, folium 57 verso, a–b
The publication of the modern critical edition of Eckhart's German and Latin works began in 1936, and is nearly complete.[87]
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Latin works:
One difficulty with Eckhart's Latin writings is that they clearly represent only a small portion of what he planned to write. Eckhart describes his plans to write a vast Opus Tripartitum (Three-Part Work). Unfortunately, all that exists today of the first part, the Work of Propositions, is the Prologue illustrating the first proposition (with Eckhart intending the first part alone to consist of over one thousand propositions).[88] The second part, called the Work of Questions, no longer exists. The third part, the Work of Commentaries, is the major surviving Latin work by Eckhart, consisting of a Prologue, six commentaries, and fifty-six sermons.[89] It used to be thought that this work was begun while Eckhart was in Paris between 1311 and 1313; however, recent manuscript discoveries mean that much of what survives must be dated to before 1310.[90]
The surviving Latin works are, therefore:
The early Quaestiones Parisiensis (Parisian Questions).[91]
Prologus generalis in Opus tripartitium (General Prologue to the Three-Part Work).[92]
Prologus in Opus propositionum (Prologue to the Work of Propositions).[93]
Prologus in Opus expositionum (Prologue to the Work of Commentaries).[94]
Expositio Libri Genesis (Commentary on the Book of Genesis).[95]
Liber Parabolorum Genesis (Book of the Parables of Genesis).[96]
Expositio Libri Exodi (Commentary on the Book of Exodus).[97]
Expositio Libri Sapientiae (Commentary on the Book of Wisdom).[98]
Sermones et Lectiones super Ecclesiastici c.24:23–31 (Sermons and Lectures on the Twenty-fourth chapter of Ecclesiasticus).[99]
Fragments of the Commentary on the Song of Songs survive
Expositio sancti Evangelii secundum Iohannem (Commentary on John)[100]
Various sermons,[101] including some preserved in the collection Paradisus anime intelligentis (Paradise of the Intelligent Soul/Paradise of the Intellectual Soul).[102]
A brief treatise on the Lord's Prayer, largely an anthology culled from earlier authorities
The Defense.[103]
Although not composed by Eckhart, also relevant are the Vatican archive materials relating to Eckhart's trial, the Votum theologicum (or Opinion) of the Avignon commission who investigated Eckhart, and the bull In agro dominico.
Vernacular works[edit]
Questions concerning the authenticity of the Middle High German texts attributed to Eckhart are much greater than for the Latin texts. The problems involve not only whether a particular sermon or treatise is to be judged authentic or pseudonymous, but also, given the large number of manuscripts and the fragmentary condition of many of them, whether it is even possible to establish the text for some of the pieces accepted as genuine.[104] Eckhart's sermons are versions written down by others from memory or from notes, meaning that the possibility for error was much greater than for the carefully written Latin treatises.
The critical edition of Eckhart's works traditionally accepted 86 sermons as genuine, based on the research done by its editor Josef Quint (1898-1976)[105] during the 20th century. Of these, Sermons 1–16b are proved authentic by direct citation in the Defense. Sermons 17–24 have such close textual affinities with Latin sermons recognised as genuine that they are accepted. Sermons 25–86 are harder to verify, and judgements have been made on the basis of style and content.[106] In 2003, the critical edition under Georg Steer added another 24 vernacular sermons (Nos. 87 to 110) in volumes 4.1 and 4.2[107]; Georg Steer took over the editorship in 1983[108]. Volume 4.2 is incomplete, and another 18 sermons[109][better source needed] will be added in the future, bringing the final total of vernacular sermons up to 128.
When Franz Pfeiffer published his edition of Eckhart's works in 1857, he included seventeen vernacular treatises he considered to be written by Eckhart. Modern scholarship is much more cautious, however, and the critical edition accepts only four of Eckhart's vernacular treatises as genuine:
The longest of these, the Reden der Unterweisung (Counsels on Discernment/Discourses on Instruction/Talks of Instruction),[110] is probably Eckhart's earliest surviving work, a set of spiritual instructions that he gave to young Dominicans in the 1290s. It was clearly a popular work, with fifty-one manuscripts known.[111]
A second vernacular treatise, the Liber Benedictus (Book 'Benedictus' ), in fact consists of two related treatises – firstly, Daz buoch der götlîchen trœstunge(The Book of the Divine Consolation),[112] and secondly, a sermon entitled Von dem edeln menschen (Of the Nobleman).[113]
The final vernacular treatise accepted as genuine by the critical edition is entitled Vom Abgescheidenheit (On Detachment).[114] However, this treatise is generally today not thought to be written by Eckhart.[115]
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Modern editions and translations:
Meister Eckhart: Die deutschen und lateinischen Werke. Herausgegeben im Auftrage der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft. Stuttgart and Berlin: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 11 Vols., 1936– [This is the critical edition of Meister Eckhart's works. The Latin works comprise six volumes, of which five are complete. The Middle High German works will be in five volumes, of which four are complete]
Meister Eckhart, The Essential Sermons, Commentaries, Treatises and Defense, trans. and ed. by Bernard McGinn and Edmund Colledge, New York: Paulist Press, 1981. [Re-published in paperback without notes and a foreword by John O’Donohue as Meister Eckhart, Selections from His Essential Writings, (New York, 2005)]
Meister Eckhart: Teacher and Preacher, trans. and ed. by Bernard McGinn and Frank Tobin, New York and London: Paulist Press/SPCK, 1987.
C. de B. Evans, Meister Eckhart by Franz Pfeiffer, 2 vols., London: Watkins, 1924 and 1931.
Meister Eckhart: A Modern Translation, trans. Raymond B. Blakney, New York: Harper and Row, 1941, ISBN 0-06-130008-X [a translation of about one-half the works including treatises, 28 sermons, Defense]
Otto Karrer Meister Eckhart Speaks The Philosophical Library, Inc. New York, 1957.
James M. Clark and John V. Skinner, eds. and trans., Treatises and Sermons of Meister Eckhart, New York: Octagon Books, 1983. (Reprint of Harper and Row ed., 1958/London: Faber & Faber, 1958.)
Armand Maurer, ed., Master Eckhart: Parisian Questions and Prologues, Toronto, Canada: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1974.
Meister Eckhart, Sermons and Treatises, trans. by M. O'C. Walshe, 3 vols., (London: Watkins, 1979–1981; later printed at Longmead, Shaftesbury, Dorset: Element Books, 1979–1990). [Now published as The Complete Mystical Works of Meister Eckhart, trans. and ed. by M. O’C. Walshe, rev. by Bernard McGinn (New York, 2009)]
Matthew Fox, Breakthrough: Meister Eckhart's Creation Spirituality in New Translation (Garden City, New York, 1980)
Meister Eckhart: Selected Writings, ed. and trans. by Oliver Davies, London: Penguin, 1994.