آیا در کنعان باستان فرقه ال وجود داشت؟: مقالاتی در مورد دین و زبان اوگاریتی [کتاب انگلیسی] | کتابخانه مجازی الفبا

Table of contents :
Cover
Title
Preface
Table of Contents
Abbreviations of Modern Works
Other Abbreviations or Special Usages
Introduction
Part 1 – Background
Chapter 1: Canaan and the Canaanites
A. Sources
B. The Name Canaan
C. Geographical Area and Ethnic Group
D. Language and Writing
E. Ugaritic Culture
F. Religion
I. Ugaritic and Phoenician Religion
II. Religious Practices
III. Canaanite Religious “Influences” on Israel
Chapter 2: C. H. Gordon, the Father of Ugaritic Studies
A. Gordon’s Seven Contributions to Ugaritic Study
I. Basic Tools for Ugaritic Study
II. Solid , Up-to-Date Translations of the Texts
III. A Realistic Presentation of the Language
IV. Brief but Original Suggestions
V. Contextual Interpretation of the Texts
VI. A Total View of Ancient Ugarit
VII. Placement of Ugarit in the East Mediterranean Continuum
B. Gordon’s Seven Contributions to Old Testament Studies
I. The Entire Ancient Near East as the World of the Old Testament
II. Use of Ancient Near Eastern Materials to Illuminate the Bible
III. Integration of the Materials from the Bible World into a Synthesis
IV. The Importance of Fact, Rather than Theory
V. A Comparative Approach to Ancient Near Eastern Literature
VI. Clarification of Social Customs and Literary Style in the Ancient Near East
VII. The Meaning of Simhat Torah
Part 2 – El, Baal and Yahweh
Chapter 3: Canaanite Religion and Israelite Yahwism
A. Describing a Canaanite Theology
B. Gods and Goddesses of Ugarit
C. El and Yahweh
I. Syncretism?
II. The Kuntillet ?Ajrud Inscriptions
D. The Prophet Hosea and Calf Worship
I. Calf Worship in Israel
II. Calf Worship in Samaria
E. Yahweh and Baal
I. The Local Manifestation of Baal
II. The Seven Baals in the “Pantheon” Lists
III. Baalism under the Guise of Yahwism
Chapter 4: Was There a Cult of El in Ancient Ugarit?
A. IL as the DN “El” (ˀIlu) in the Baal Myth and the Royal Epics
B. IL as a Common (Generic) Noun “god” (ˀilu)
C. IL in the Phrase BT IL
I. BT IL as a Sanctuary, not the “Temple of El”
II. Local or Community Sanctuaries
III. Royal Palace Shrines
IV. The Place of the Family Cult
D. IL in the Liturgical Texts
E. IL in the Ugaritic “Pantheon” Lists
I. List A (KTU3 1.118 = RS 24.264 + 24.280, RS 20.24)
II. List B (KTU 1.148 = RS 24.643:23–45; RS 26.142)
III. The Hurrian “Pantheon” Lists (KTU 1.116, 1.111)
IV. The Hurro-Hittite List, KUB XXXIII 120 (= CTH 344)
V. Quadrilingual Vocabulary List (Sa Voc. No. 45.1–5)
VI. The Collective Godhead: The Deity, i.e. The Pantheon (“All-Gods”)
VII. ILHM, the DN ?Ilahuma
F. Summary: IL a Generic ˀilu, a Proper ˀIlu, or a Collective ˀIlu Noun
G. Was El Elyon a Canaanite God El?
Part 3 – The Myth and Ritual of the Good Gods
Chapter 5. IL in the Fertility Myth (KTU 1.23:30–76)
A. IL in KTU 1.23 and El in the Baal Cycle
B. The Relationship Between the Ritual and Myth Sections
I. The Deities in the Two Sections
II. The Role of Mt w Šr
III. Are Ilm N?mm to Be Identified with Šḥr w Šlm?
IV. ilm and il
C. Theogony?
D. IL and Two Human Women
I. De Moor’s Hypothesis: hieros gamos
II. Meaning of hieros gamos
III. Role of the King in KTU 1.23
E. The Twin-gods Tradition – Semi-divine Beings
F. The Good Gods as a Heptad
G. Heroic and Gigantic Deities – Divinity and Humanity
H. IL as a Personification of The Deity, the Pantheon
I. A Closer Look at KTU 1.23
I. Text
II. Outline
III. Comments
Chapter 6: Mt-w-Šr and His Two Weapons
A. The Identification of Mt-w-Šr in KTU 1.23:8–11
B. The Two Weapons
C. The Nature and Role of the God Mt w Šr
D. The Destruction Motif
Chapter 7: Myth and Ritual Relationship in KTU 1.23
A. KTU 1.23:49–65
B. Five Additional Births?
C. Ritual Rubric?
D. Counting the Months of Pregnancy
E. Completing the Ten Months
F. The Fifth Month of Pregnancy
Chapter 8: Revisiting the “Seven” Good Gods of Fertility in Ugarit
A. Is Albright’s Emendation Correct?
I. Is the Letter ‹T› Clearly Attested?
II. Is There Space for a Word-divider Between ‹N› and ‹Y›, or Is There a Trace of One “Filled by Deposit”?
B. The Seven Good Gods of Fertility
C. The Births of Ša?ar wa Šalim and the Good Gods
D. The Motif of “Seven Gods”
Part 4 – Royal Dynastic Cults in Ugarit
Chapter 9: Kings and Cults in Ancient Ugarit
A. Ugaritic Ritual Texts
B. The King in the Monthly Dynastic Rituals
I. A Ritual for the Month riš yn: KTU. 1.41(+87)
II. Dynastic (“House”) Cult
III. Ancestor Cult
IV. King as the Officiant in Rituals
C. The King’s Role in the Religious Cults
Chapter 10: The Ancestor Cult in Ugarit
A. The Postmortem Deification of Kings
I. KTU 1.113
II. RS 94.2518
B. The Funerary Cult of the Royal Dynasty (KTU 1.161)
I. Text and Translation
II. Who Descends?
III. The Interpretation of Lines 20ff
C. The Role of Shapshu: Lines 18–19
D. The Purpose of this Ritual
E. The Solar Deity in the Cult of the Dead
F. The King’s Role in the Funerary Ritual
Part 5 – Language and Style
Chapter 11: Vowel sandhi in Ugaritic
A. The sandhi Phenomenon in Ugaritic
B. Loss of ˀa before ˁ
C. Vowel sandhi at Word Boundaries
Chapter 12: “Misspellings” in Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
A. Phonetic Spellings
B. Vowel sandhi
C. Loss and Addition of Signs
I. Loss of ‹a›, ‹i›
II. Loss of ‹r›, ‹l›, ‹n›, and ‹m›
III. Addition of ‹q›
D. KTU 1.10
Chapter 13: The primae waw Verb wld in Ugaritic
A. KTU 1.14:III:48–49 and VI:33–35
B. KTU 1.23:64
C. KTU 1.15:III:20; also 5, 21
D. KTU 1.12:I:26–27
Chapter 14: The Problem of Keret’s Childlessness
A. The Prologue of the Keret Epic
B. KTU 1.14:I:1–25: Text and Translation
C. Repetition and Correspondence
D. General–Detailed Pattern
E. Further Observations
I. The Tricolon of Lines 12–14
II. Scansion of Lines 28–32
III. The Aqhat Epic Pattern
Chapter 15: List and Narrative in 1 Samuel 6:17–18a in the Light of Ugaritic Economic Texts
A. The List Formula in Extra-Biblical Texts
I. Old Sumerian
II. Ugaritic
III. Hebrew
B. The List Formula Pattern
C. The Relationship Between List and Narrative
D. The List Formula and Narrative in 1 Sam 6:17–18a
I. How Many Tumors, and How Many Mice?
II. Merismus: The Same Total
Concluding Remarks
Bibliography
First Publication of Articles
Subject Index
Author Index
Reference Index
Ancient Term Index