ریشه‌های یهودستیزی الهیاتی: تفسیر کتاب مقدس آلمانی و یهودیان، از هردر و سملر تا کیتل و بولتمان [کتاب انگلیسی] | کتابخانه مجازی الفبا

Table of contents :
Contents......Page 8
Foreword......Page 16
Introduction: Roots of Theological Anti-Semitism......Page 20
Defining Anti-Semitism......Page 24
The Analysis......Page 28
Who are the Exegetes? On the Choice and Delimitation of Materials......Page 31
Research Traditions versus the Scholars' Own Contextual Theology......Page 37
What This Study Does and Does Not Do......Page 38
PART I ENLIGHTENMENT EXEGESIS AND THE JEWS......Page 40
Introduction......Page 42
An English Prelude: Enlightened Prejudice against the Jews......Page 48
The Moral Philosopher: Judaism as an 'Egyptianiz'd' Degeneration......Page 50
Christian is Good, Jewish is Evil......Page 54
Conclusion......Page 55
Johann Salomo Semler: Dejudaising Christianity......Page 58
Semler's View on the Jews and Judaism......Page 59
Idealistic Historiography......Page 60
The Moral Element......Page 62
Universalism and Particularism......Page 63
View of the Old Testament......Page 64
Semler on Tolerance......Page 65
Conclusion......Page 67
Johann Gottfried Herder: The Volk Concept and the Jews......Page 70
Herder on the Jews......Page 71
Degeneration Hypothesis......Page 73
Herder and the Emancipation of the Jews......Page 76
The Volk Concept and the Jews......Page 77
Conclusion......Page 78
F. D. E. Schleiermacher: Enlightenment Religion and Judaism......Page 80
Schleiermacher and Judaism......Page 83
Schleiermacher and the Old Testament......Page 88
Schleiermacher on the Concrete Situation of the Jews......Page 89
Conclusion......Page 93
W. M. L. de Wette: Judaism as Degenerated Hebraism......Page 96
The Picture of the Jews: Hebraismus, Judenthum and Christianity......Page 98
View of the Old Testament......Page 102
Early Christianity and Jesus......Page 103
de Wette and Contemporary Judaism......Page 105
Conclusion......Page 110
The Jews in Enlightenment Exegesis from Baur to Ritschl......Page 114
Ferdinand Christian Baur: Judaism as an Historical Antipode of Christianity......Page 116
A Dialectical Movement from Paganism and Judaism to Early Christianity......Page 117
From the Jerusalem Church to World Religion......Page 121
Paul, the Apostle of Jesus Christ......Page 122
Dialectical Opposition in Corinth......Page 124
The Letter to the Romans: Written to "Cut Jewish Particularism at its Root"......Page 126
Jesus and Judaism......Page 128
Judaism: A Pawn in the Game......Page 130
Contextualising Baur's Philosophical Theology......Page 132
Conclusion......Page 137
David Friedrich Strauss: Judaism in Continuity and Discontinuity with Christianity......Page 140
Reconstructing Jewish Past......Page 141
Continuity and Discontinuity......Page 142
Dialectics and the Emergence of Christianity......Page 143
Strauss on the Jews......Page 145
Jewish-Christian Past and German Present......Page 146
Conclusion......Page 148
Albrecht Ritschl: Kulturprotestantismus and the Jews......Page 152
Ritschl on the Jews and Judaism......Page 155
Jewish Christianity......Page 157
Conclusion......Page 160
The History of Religions School and the Jews— An Historical Turn?......Page 162
Bousset and Weiss on the Jews......Page 164
The Preaching of Jesus: Two Opposing Views......Page 165
Wilhelm Bousset: The Religion of Judaism in the New Testament Age......Page 169
Bousset's Overarching Historiography of Religions......Page 171
Late Jewish Degeneration......Page 173
Palestinian versus Diaspora Judaism......Page 175
Controversial Use of Intertestamental Sources......Page 180
Hugo Gressmann, Die Religion des Judentums, and the Berlin Institutum Judaicum......Page 182
Gressmann's Revision of Bousset's Religion der Judentum......Page 186
Johannes Weiss: The Jews in Das Urchristentum......Page 190
Contextualising the History of Religions School and the Jews......Page 194
Bousset's Philosophical Background......Page 200
Conclusion......Page 202
PART II SALVATION-HISTORICAL EXEGESIS AND THE JEWS: FROM THOLUCK TO SCHLATTER......Page 208
Introduction......Page 210
Philo-Semitism......Page 212
Friedrich August Tholuck: "Salvation Comes from the Jews"......Page 214
Conclusion......Page 218
Johann Tobias Beck: Organic Continuity Between Judaism and Christianity......Page 222
An Organic View......Page 223
Romans and Judaism......Page 225
Abraham the Common Root......Page 227
Romans 9–11......Page 228
Conclusion......Page 229
Franz Delitzsch: Pioneering Scholarship in Judaism......Page 232
Organic Salvation History and the Jews......Page 237
Hebrew Philology and Literary Criticism......Page 240
Describing the Jewish Background of Jesus......Page 242
Opposing Anti-Semitism......Page 244
Confronting Jews and Judaism......Page 245
Conclusion......Page 253
Hermann Leberecht Strack: Missions to and Defence of Jews......Page 258
Conclusion......Page 266
Excursus: Defenders and Detractors? Alan Levenson on Strack and Delitzsch......Page 267
Adolf Schlatter and Judaism: Great Erudition and Fierce Opposition......Page 272
Faith in the New Testament......Page 275
A Commentary on Romans......Page 281
Schlatter's Works on Jewish History and Topography......Page 283
Schlatter on Jews and Judaism in Contemporary Germany......Page 291
Schlatter and the Jews during National Socialism......Page 294
Schlatter's General View on National Socialism......Page 298
Schlatter and the "Bethel Confession"......Page 300
Schlatter's Dialogue with Völkisch Ideology......Page 311
The Righteousness of God: Commentary on Romans......Page 320
Will the Jew Prevail over Us?......Page 324
Conclusion......Page 337
PART III THE FORM CRITICS AND THE JEWS......Page 346
Introduction......Page 348
Karl Ludwig Schmidt: A Chosen People and a 'Jewish Problem'......Page 350
Schmidt on New Testament Judaism......Page 353
Dialogue with Martin Buber on the Church, State, People and Judaism, 1933......Page 354
The Jewish Problem in the Light of Romans 9–11......Page 358
Conclusion......Page 362
Martin Dibelius: Ambivalence to Jews and Judaism......Page 366
The Jews in Dibelius's Exegetical Production......Page 370
Jesus—Dibelius's Bestseller......Page 372
Wozu Theologie? (Why Theology?)......Page 378
Dibelius on Judaism and Christianity after National Socialism......Page 383
Selbstbesinnung des Deutschen (Self-Refl ection of the German)......Page 386
Conclusion......Page 387
Rudolf Bultmann: Liberal and Anti-Jewish......Page 392
Bultmann's Scholarly Background......Page 394
Bultmann and the Judaism of Antiquity......Page 396
The Jesus Book......Page 401
Bultmann on the Law in Judaism......Page 404
The Commentary on John's Gospel and the Jews......Page 410
Bultmann, Politics and the Jews......Page 414
Bultmann and Heidegger......Page 420
Conclusion......Page 425
PART IV NAZI EXEGESIS AND THE JEWS......Page 432
Introduction......Page 434
Gerhard Kittel: Jewish Unheil Theologically Founded......Page 436
From the Lutheran Professor's Home to Service under National Socialism......Page 437
Kittel, New Testament Studies and Judaism 1913–1932......Page 438
Jesus and the Rabbis......Page 439
Kittels Main Monograph: Die Probleme des Palästinischen Spätjudentums......Page 442
Was Jesus an Aryan?......Page 454
Positive Evaluation of Judaism at its Peak: Die Religionsgeschichte und das Urchristentum......Page 456
Kittel and the Jews during National Socialism......Page 459
Kittel and the National Socialist Party......Page 465
Kittel's Production During National Socialism......Page 471
Conservative Standpoints and Criticism of Popular Anti-Semitic Legends......Page 492
Kittel's Work on Judaism in TDNT......Page 493
The Emergence of Judaism as the Emergence of the 'Jewish Problem'......Page 497
Kittel's Last Speeches......Page 515
Kittel's Defence Evaluated......Page 518
The Scholarly Evaluation of Kittel......Page 536
Conclusion......Page 540
Walter Grundmann: Towards a Non-Jewish Jesus......Page 550
The Eisenach Institute......Page 555
Grundmann's Overall Theology and Ideology......Page 557
Grundmann 1933–1934: Völkisch Renewal of Lutheran Theology......Page 562
Grundmann 1938: Germanentum and Christianity against the Jewish Myth......Page 568
Dejudaisation as a Task of German Theology and Church......Page 572
Grundmann's Exegetical Work and the Jews, 1938–1945......Page 574
On the Jews in John: "The Struggle Against the Jews is Everywhere"......Page 575
The Jews and the Sermon on the Mount......Page 578
Dichotomising Judaism and Hellenism as Ideological Strategy......Page 581
Grundmann's Magnum Opus: Jesus der Galiläer und das Judentum......Page 584
Conclusion......Page 591
Concluding Analysis......Page 596
The Characterisation of Jews and Judaism......Page 597
Constructing Jewish Past......Page 600
Christianity and Judaism: Connected or Disconnected?......Page 603
The 'Jew' in the Symbolic World......Page 607
Exegesis and Legitimation of Anti-Semitism......Page 612
Legitimation and Delegitimation of the Social Oppression of Jews......Page 613
Exegesis in Cultural-Political Context......Page 620
Exegesis after Auschwitz......Page 628
Archive Materials......Page 634
Abbreviations......Page 636
Bibliography......Page 638
Name Index......Page 672
Subject Index......Page 680
New Testament Texts......Page 696