تفکر انتقادی تفکر نقادانه منطق غیر صوری informal logic English Springer International Publishing 2017 On Reasoning and Argument: Essays in Informal Logic and on Critical Thinking Table of contents :,Front Matter....Pages i-xxv,Front Matter....Pages 1-1,Deduction, Induction and Conduction....Pages 3-20,The Linked-Convergent Distinction....Pages 21-29,Postscript....Pages 31-36,Front Matter....Pages 37-37,Enthymematic Arguments....Pages 39-56,Does the Traditional Treatment of Enthymemes Rest on a Mistake?....Pages 57-79,Toulmin’s Warrants....Pages 81-95,Non-logical Consequence....Pages 97-114,Inference Claims....Pages 115-146,Material Consequence and Counterfactuals....Pages 147-160,Postscript....Pages 161-186,Front Matter....Pages 187-187,Validity in Conductive Arguments....Pages 189-200,Reasoning by Analogy: A General Theory....Pages 201-214,Pollock on Practical Reasoning....Pages 215-224,The Generation of Argument Schemes....Pages 225-236,Instrumental Rationality....Pages 237-248,Appeals to Considerations....Pages 249-275,“All Things Considered”....Pages 277-290,Postscript....Pages 291-309,Front Matter....Pages 311-311,Some Principles of Rational Mutual Inquiry....Pages 313-321,The Practice of Argumentative Discussion....Pages 323-334,Front Matter....Pages 311-311,Postscript....Pages 335-345,Front Matter....Pages 347-347,Relevance....Pages 349-369,Good Reasoning on the Toulmin Model....Pages 371-387,Postscript....Pages 389-397,Front Matter....Pages 399-399,Do the Fallacies Have a Place in the Teaching of Reasoning Skills or Critical Thinking?....Pages 401-408,Is There an Argumentum ad Hominem Fallacy?....Pages 409-419,Postscript....Pages 421-433,Front Matter....Pages 435-435,The Significance of Informal Logic for Philosophy....Pages 437-446,Informal Logic and the Concept of Argument....Pages 447-475,Critical Thinking as an Educational Ideal....Pages 477-497,The Effectiveness of Instruction in Critical Thinking....Pages 499-510,Postscript....Pages 511-536,Back Matter....Pages 537-553 text David Hitchcock (auth.) Author book portal_lib 1401-05-21 1401-06-07