00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000Eng00توماس آکویناس درباره فضایل کاردینال: مجموعه ای از مجموع در مورد احتیاط، عدالت، اعتدال و شجاعت [کتاب انگلیسی]Catholic University of America Press Catholic University of America Press Table of contents : Contents Foreword by Ralph McInerney General Introduction Practical Wisdom (Prudence) Introduction Practical Wisdom Itself Question 47: The Virtue of Practical Wisdom Article 1: Is prudence in the faculty of reason? Article 4: Is practical wisdom a virtue? Article 6: Does practical wisdom appoint the end to moral virtues? Article 13: Can practical wisdom be in sinners? Article 14: Is practical wisdom in all who have grace? Article 15: Is practical wisdom in us by nature? Parts of Practical Wisdom Question 48: The Parts of Practical Wisdom Article 1: Is practical wisdom fittingly divided into three parts? Question 49: Quasi-Integral Parts of Practical Wisdom Article 3: Is teachableness a part of practical wisdom? Article 6: Is foresight a part of practical wisdom? Gift of Practical Wisdom Question 52: The Gift of Counsel Article 1: Should counsel be considered among the gifts of the Holy Spirit? Vices Contrary to Practical Wisdom Question 53: Imprudence Article 1: Is imprudence a sin? Article 5: Is inconstancy [lack of persistance] a vice against practical wisdom? Question 55: Counterfeit Practical Wisdom Article 1: Is prudence of the flesh a sin? Article 2: Is prudence of the flesh a mortal sin? Article 3: Is craftiness a special sin? Article 6: Is anxious care about temporal things contrary to prudence? Precepts Relating to Practical Wisdom Question 56: The Precepts Concerning Practical Wisdom Article 1: Should the Ten Commandments have included a precept of practical wisdom? Justice Introduction Justice Itself Question 57: What is Right Article 1: Is right the object of justice? Article 2: Is right fittingly divided into natural right and positive right? Question 58: Justice Article 1: Is justice fittingly defined as being the perpetual and constant will to render to each one his right? Article 3: Is justice a virtue? Article 8: Does particular justice have a special matter? Article 9: Is justice about the passions? Article 11: Is the act of justice to render to each one his own? Article 12: Is justice the foremost among all moral virtues? Question 59: Injustice Article 2: Is a person unjust through doing an unjust thing? Article 4: Does anyone who does an unjust act sin mortally? Question 60: Judgment Article 2: Is it moral to judge people? Article 4: Should doubts be interpreted for the best? Parts of Justice Question 61: The Parts of Justice Article 1: Is justice suitably divided into commutative justice and distributive justice? Question 62: Restitution Article 5: Must restitution always be made to the person from whom a thing has been taken? Vices Contrary to Commutative Justice in Deeds Question 64: Murder Article 1: Is it immoral to kill any living thing? Article 2: Is capital punishment moral? Article 5: Is suicide moral? Article 6: Is it moral to kill the innocent? Article 7: Is it moral to kill a person in self-defense? Article 8: Is one guilty of murder through killing someone by chance? Question 65: Injuries Committed against a Person Article 3: Is it moral to imprison a man? Question 66: Theft and Justice Article 2: Is private property moral? Article 5: Is theft always a sin? Article 6: Is theft a mortal sin? Article 7: Is it moral to steal through stress of need? Vices Contrary to Commutative Justice in Speech in Juridical Cases Question 70: Injustice with Regard to the Person of the Witness Article 4: Is it always a mortal sin to give false evidence? Question 71: Injustice in Judgment on the Part of Counsel Article 3: Does a lawyer sin by defending an unjust cause? Vices Contrary to Commutative Justice in Speech in Non-Juridical Cases Question 73: Backbiting Article 2: Is it a mortal sin to speak ill of absent persons in order to undermine their reputation? Vices Contrary to Commutative Justice in Economic Matters Question 78: Usury Article 1: Is it a sin to take usury for money lent? Quasi-Integral Parts of Justice and Connected Virtues Question 79: The Quasi-Integral Parts of Justice Article 3: Is omission a special sin? Article 4: Is a sin of omission worse than a sin of commission? Justice Toward God: The Virtue of Religion Question 81: Religion Article 1: Does religion direct man to God alone? Article 2: Is religion a virtue? Article 3: Is religion one virtue? Article 4: Is religion a special virtue, distinct from the others? Article 5: Is Religion a theological virtue? Article 6: Should religion be preferred to the other moral virtues? Question 83: Prayer Article 2: Does it make sense to pray? Article 3: Is prayer an act of religion? Article 4: Should we pray to God alone? Article 6: Should we ask God for temporal things when we pray? Article 8: Should we pray for our enemies? Question 85: Sacrifices Article 1: Is offering a sacrifice to God part of the law of nature? Question 92: Superstition Article 1: Is superstition a vice contrary to religion? Other Connected Virtues Question 101: Piety Article 1: Does piety extend to particular human individuals? Question 104: Obedience Article 4: Should God be obeyed in all things? Article 5: Are subjects bound to obey their superiors in all things? Question 105: Disobedience Article 2: Is disobedience the most serious of sins? Question 106: Thankfulness Article 1: Is thankfulness a special virtue, distinct from other virtues? Question 107: Ingratitude Article 1: Is ingratitude always a sin? Article 2: Is ingratitude a special sin? Article 4: Should favors be withheld from the ungrateful? Question 108: Vengeance Article 1: Is vengeance permissible? Question 110: Lying Article 1: Is every lie a sin? Article 4: Is every lie a mortal sin? Of Vices Opposed to Liberality Question 118: Greed Article 5: Is greed the greatest of sins? Precepts Connected to Justice Question 122: The Precepts of Justice Article 1: Are the precepts of the Ten Commandments precepts of justice? Article 6: Are the other six precepts of the Ten Commandments fittingly expressed? Courage (Fortitude) Introduction Courage Itself Question 123: Courage Article 1: Is courage a virtue? Article 5: Is courage properly about dangers of death in battle? Article 10: Does the brave person make use of anger in his action? Article 11: Is courage a cardinal virtue? Article 12: Is courage the greatest of virtues? Question 124: Martyrdom Article 1: Is martyrdom an act of virtue? Article 5: Is faith alone the cause of martyrdom? Vices Opposed to Courage Question 125: Fear Article 1: Is fear a sin? Article 2: Is the sin of fear contrary to courage? Article 4: Does fear excuse from sin? Question 126: Fearlessness Article 1: Is fearlessness a sin? Article 2: Is fearlessness opposed to courage? Parts of Courage Question 129: Magnanimity Article 3: Is magnanimity a virtue? Question 130: Presumption Article 1: Is presumption a sin? Question 131: Ambition Article 1: Is ambition a sin? Question 132: Vainglory Article 5: Are the consequences of vainglory disobedience, boastfulness, hypocrisy, contention, obstinacy, discord, and love of novelties? Question 133: Pusillanimity (Faintheartedness) Article 1: Is pusillanimity (faintheartedness) a sin? Question 136: Patience Article 1: Is patience a virtue? Article 3: Is it possible to have patience without grace? The Gift of Courage Question 139: The Gift of Courage Article 1: Is courage a gift? Temperance Introduction Temperance Itself Question 141: Temperance Article 1: Is temperance a virtue? Article 3: Is temperance only about desires and pleasures? Article 4: Is temperance only about desires and pleasures of touch? Article 7: Is temperance a cardinal virtue? Article 8: Is temperance the greatest of the virtues? Question 142: The Vices Opposed to Temperance Article 1: Is insensibility a vice? Article 3: Is cowardice worse than intemperance? Subjective Parts of Temperance Question 147: Fasting from Food Article 1: Is fasting a virtue? Article 3: Is fasting a matter of obligation? Question 148: Gluttony Article 1: Is gluttony a sin? Article 4: Are the kinds of gluttony fittingly distinguished? Article 5: Is gluttony a capital vice? Question 149: Sobriety Article 3: Is it always wrong to drink wine? Question 150: Drunkenness Article 1: Is it wrong to get drunk? Article 2: Is drunkenness a mortal sin? Article 4: Does drunkenness excuse from sin? Question 151: Chastity Article 1: Is chastity a virtue? Article 2: Is chastity a general virtue? Question 152: Virginity Article 2: Is it wrong to remain a virgin? Article 3: Is virginity a virtue? Article 4: Is virginity more excellent than marriage? Question 153: Lust Article 2: Is every sexual act a sin? Article 3: Is the lust that is brought about by sexual acts a sin? Question 154: The Parts of Lust Article 2: Is premarital sex (simple fornication) a mortal sin? Article 3: Is premarital sex the most grievous of sins? Article 8: Is adultery a special kind of lust? Article 11: Is the unnatural vice a species of lust? Potential Parts of Temperance Question 155: Continence (Self-Control) Article 1: Is continence a virtue? Article 4: Is continence better than temperance? Question 156: Incontinence Article 2: Is incontinence a sin? Article 3: Does the incontinent person sin more gravely than the intemperate person? Article 4: Is the incontinent in anger worse than the incontinent in desire? Question 158: Anger Article 1: Is it ethically permissible to be angry? Article 2: Is anger a sin? Question 161: Humility Article 1: Is humility a virtue? Question 162: Pride Article 1: Is pride a sin? General Index Scripture Index الهیات مسیحی اخلاق مسیحی فضایل مسیحی(وابسته اخص اخلاق مسیحی) (فلسفه اخلاق) فلسفه قرون وسطی مسیحی توماس آکوئیناس Kaczor, Christopher Author Sherman, Thomas Author آکویناس قدیس, توماس (Thomas Aquinas؛ فیلسوف ارسطویی و متکلم مسیحی ایتالیایی؛ معروف به حکیم آسمانی؛ تلفیق کننده فلسفه‌ی ارسطو با مسیحیت), 1225#1274م. 1225#1274م. Descriptor book marcgt 9780813233611