00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000Per00نقد و بررسی اعتقاد دین بومی یوروبا به تناسخ در پرتو حکمت متعالیهکلیدواژه فارسی: تناسخ، نفس انسان، یوروبا، حرکت جوهریه، حکمت متعالیه
Table of Contents Dedication iii Acknowledgements iv Abstract v Keywords v CHAPTER ONE: General Introduction and Literature Review 10 1.0 Introduction 11 1.1 Definition and Background 11 1.2 Theoretical Foundation and Literature Review 16 1.3 Research Main Question 20 1.4 Other Questions 21 1.5 Research Hypothesis 21 1.6 Objectives of the Research 22 1.7 Methodology 22 CHAPTER TWO: The Yorubas and Reincarnation 24 2.0 The Yorubas 25 2.1 Culture and Religion 26 The Concept of Human Being 27 2.2.1 Concept of a Person 27 2.2.2 Nature of Soul 29 2.3 Concept of Reincarnation (Àtúnwáyé) 32 2.3.1 Types of Reincarnation 32 2.3.2 Àkúdáàya (Reappearance after death) 32 Reason for this Phenomenon 33 2.3.3 Ìpadàwáyé (ancestor's rebirth) 34 2.3.4 Àbíkú (Born to die or predestined to die) 36 2.4 Issues Related to Reincarnation (Àtúnwáyé) 38 2.4.1 Laceration/Mark of Identification 38 2.4.2 Reports of Reincarnated Individuals 39 2.4.3 Yoruba Muslim Scholars and Reincarnation 42 2.4.4 Can Djinn Assume Human Shape 43 CHAPTER THREE: Hikmat al- al-Muta'āliya and Reincarnation 45 3.0 Introduction - The Islamic Beliefs 46 3.0.1 At-Tāwhīd (Monotheism) 46 3.0.2 Nubuwwah (Prophethood) 48 3.0.3 Ma'ād (Hereafter) 49 3.1 Islamic Philosophy 50 3.2 Schools of Islamic Philosophy 51 3.2.1. The Peripatetic School of Philosophy (Hikmat Masha) 51 3.2.2. The Illuminative School of Philosophy (Hikmat al-Ishrāq) 52 3.2.3. The Mystical School 53 3.2.4. The School of Kalam (Theology) 54 3.2.5. Hikmat al- al-Muta'āliya (Transcendent philosophy) 54 3.3 Philosophical Concepts of Hikma al-Muta'āliya 55 3.3.1 Primacy of Existence and Posteriority of Quiddity 55 3.3.2 Gradation of Existence 57 3.3.3 Substantial Motion (Harakat-u-l-Jawhariyya) 59 3.3.4 Impossibility of the Restoration of the Destroyed (Istihāla I'āda al-Ma'adūm) 61 3.4 Hikma al-Muta'āliya and The Concept of Soul 62 3.4.1 Nature of Human's Soul (Nafs) 62 3.4.2 Createdness of the Soul (Huduth Nafs) 63 3.4.3 Harkat-ul-jawhariyah (Substantial Motion) and Soul 64 3.4.4 End of Human Soul 65 3.4.5 Impossibility of Reincarnation 66 CHAPTER FOUR: Philosophical Critique of The Yoruba's Religio-cultural Concept of Reincarnation 69 4.0 Misapprehension of the Nature of Human Soul 70 4.0.1 Philosophical Critique 70 4.0.1.1. Is Human Soul a Portion of God's Breath? 70 4.0.1.2. Soul's Spirituality and Independent Existence 73 4.0.1.3. Is Human Soul Pre-eternal (Qadīm) or Created (Hudūth)? 75 4.1 Summary of the Impossibility of Reincarnation 78 4.1.1 Critique of Àkúdáàya (Reappearance after death) 80 4.1.2 Critique of Ìpadàwáyé (ancestor's rebirth) 82 4.1.3 Critique of Àbíkú (Born to die or predestined to die) 85 4.2 Review of the Issues Related to Reincarnation 86 4.2.1 Re: Laceration/Mark of Identification 86 4.2.2 Re: Reports of Reincarnated Individuals 88 4.2.3 Re: Can Djinn Transform to Human? .. 90 4.3 Reincarnation and Resurrection 96 4.3 Celestial Reincarnation (Tanasukh Malakuti) 99 CHAPTER FIVE: Summary and Conclusion 101 5.0 Summary 102 5.1 Conclusion 106 Bibliography تناسخ علم نفس معاد(کلام) حکمت متعالیه ادیان ابتدایی (در مقابل ادیان پیشرفته) اولاواله آگبولا, عبدالواسی Author بخشایش , رضا (استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی جامعة المصطفی العالمیه) Conductor Thesis local Book Review local